Chapter 45 in the Shobogenzo
(in the Nishijima translation) is entitled “
the Four Elements of a Bodhisattva’s Social Relations” -
Bodaisatta-shishobo. Master Dogen lists them as free giving, kind speech, helpful conduct and cooperation. In the English translation that is. - “Free giving” is according to the footnotes the Sanskrit
dana, - same as the first paramita, - that is just “giving” as it seems. - The “free” is quite clearly added by the translators just in order to clarify the meaning, to avoid some possible mistake in grasping what exactly it is about, - but essentially you might say the “free” is as if in square brackets. - Where the translation gives “kind speech” it says
(in the footnotes) the expression Dogen was using is “
loving words”. Helpful conduct is said to originate in Sanskrit where it was “useful conduct”. -
(Also regarding the Japanese itself I got the impression “beneficial conduct” is a bit more exact in itself but has been altered to fit the text) As for “cooperation” - in Japanese
(- that is in the text in the Shobogenzo) it’s “identity of task” and prior to that in Sanskrit “identity of purpose”.
- Fundamentally, - as it seems to me, - these would be
giving,
consideration,
assistance and
unity.
- “
Unity” would be equal to love in a way perhaps, - but what has made me write this post was thinking of the fourth element as unity, - which seemed to have been better defined, - in the context at least.
Giving - as it seems to me, - would originate with not being too severely attached to things. - Not seeing possessions as too rigidly founded. - Than things would more easily be able to pass back and forth in accordance with necessities. - Their being “
yours” or belonging to others has less weight and subsequently they can more freely shift in between different owners – who still, then, would not be holding them too tight.
-
Consideration seems to be rooted in noticing the pain of others. - Then consideration would naturally follow. – Obviously you don’t go around inspecting in search of pain in hearts of others, - a natural tendency has to appear or be developed.
-
Assistance seems to be on the path to unity. - It must originate with some sense of unity, - though not necessarily conscious or aware; where the needs of others in themselves are inevitably also notices - obviously, - otherwise how are you to assist them? - It is inevitably a form of giving, - and is motivated by consideration. - It is a more whole form while the other two may be somewhat of more preliminary factors. - Plus, if I said consideration is related to pain of others, - here joy too would take a more significant part in the process. Or so it seems.
-
Unity may be only in the hands of Buddhas. The common phrase
(- appearing repeatedly in the Lotus Sutra) of “a Buddha alone, together with Buddhas” might be in place. - It is what assistance is aimed at and inspired by, - and - you might also say -
(if you don’t mind being corny, that is) its perfect and ultimate culmination. - “Love” is what us ignorant beings would observe as the outcome.
It would be about non differentiation, - about treating others equally as we would treat ourselves.
- Master Dogen also relates to a notion related to the aim
(- purpose) rather than to the means: - “
The sea does not refuse water”.
- Where a natural tendency of coming near the situation is attempted to be described.
But that is still just coming near. - Though it is not just about being concerned with the conduct, - as I referred; - it is about a fundamental notion of not being separate: - The sea not refusing water, - mountains not refusing earth, - and the enlightened rulers not having a remote dislike for the masses; - where the natural tendency brings about further progress of unity-having-been-come-closer-to, and actual submergence would be - even if slightly, - taking place.
(Written 31.8-10.9 2021) So far for this post. (Written 31.8-10.9 2021)